27 Mar What are Sensory Cups?
Sensory processing refers to the way we interpret and respond to the world around us using our five senses: sight, sound, touch, taste, and smell. These senses provide valuable information about our environment, allowing us to make sense of what’s happening in the world. For most people, processing sensory input is an automatic and seamless experience, but for others, it can be a significant challenge. When someone has difficulty processing sensory input, even simple, everyday tasks can become overwhelming. This can lead to frustration and a sense of discomfort, making it harder to engage in activities, interact with others, or fully enjoy daily life.
One way to understand sensory processing is by thinking about “sensory cups.” Each person has their own set of sensory cups, which represent different sensory systems like sight, touch, sound, taste, and movement. The size of these cups can vary from person to person, and this variation helps to explain why people respond differently to sensory input. The cups act as a metaphor for the way each sensory system handles stimulation.
A small cup, representing a low sensory threshold, fills up quickly with sensory input. Imagine bright lights, loud sounds, or rough textures—these can overwhelm someone with a small sensory cup. For example, a child with a small visual cup might find it difficult to focus in a brightly lit classroom or be distracted by flashing lights on a screen. Similarly, a child with a small tactile cup may become upset by itchy fabrics, tags on clothing, or certain food textures. For these children, too much sensory input can lead to feelings of anxiety, discomfort, or sensory overload.
On the other hand, a large cup, representing a high sensory threshold, requires more input to fill up. A child with a large proprioceptive cup, for example, might crave activities like jumping on a trampoline, swinging, or squeezing into tight spaces. These children often seek out sensory input to help regulate their bodies and maintain a calm state. For them, a lack of sensory input may leave them feeling restless or unsettled, so they engage in behaviours that help them feel grounded and focused.
By understanding the concept of sensory cups, we can better appreciate the sensory needs of children (and adults) who experience sensory processing challenges. It also helps us create environments that support individual sensory preferences, ensuring that everyone can feel comfortable and confident in everyday activities. For children, this understanding is especially important in settings like school or home, where tailored accommodations can help them thrive in learning, social interactions, and play. Adjusting sensory environments, such as dimming lights, offering calming textures, or incorporating movement breaks, can make a huge difference in how a child engages with the world.